What is a major downside of incineration as a waste disposal method?

Incineration, while an effective method for reducing waste volume and generating energy, has a significant downside in that it releases air pollutants. During the combustion process, harmful substances such as dioxins, furans, particulate matter, and various other toxic compounds can be emitted into the atmosphere. These pollutants can pose serious health risks to populations living near incineration facilities, including respiratory issues and other long-term health effects.

In addition to harming human health, the emissions from incineration can also contribute to environmental problems such as air degradation and climate change. This concern has led to stricter regulations and technological advancements aimed at reducing emissions from incinerators. Therefore, while incineration has benefits, the potential for air pollution is a critical downside that must be carefully considered when evaluating waste management options.