What is one significant challenge posed by urbanization to water resources?

Urbanization significantly challenges water resources, primarily due to the higher demand that it generates, leading to potential shortages. As populations in urban areas grow, the need for water increases for residential, commercial, and industrial uses. This rising demand often outpaces the available supply, stressing existing water systems and leading to shortages, especially during dry periods or in regions where water resources are already limited.

Urbanization can also lead to increased pollution as more people contribute to runoff, sewage, and waste entering waterways, decreasing the available clean water. With more people concentrated in urban environments, the infrastructure often struggles to keep up with the demand for clean and safe water, necessitating significant investment and management efforts to ensure that water resources remain sustainable and adequate for the growing population.

In contrast, decreased energy consumption, increased biodiversity in waterways, and improved water quality through urban infrastructure may not accurately represent the broader implications of urbanization on water resources. Urban areas are more likely to experience complex challenges related to resource management rather than straightforward benefits.